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# This -*-perl -*- module implements a persistent counter class. | ||
# | ||
# $Id: CounterFile.pm,v 0.7 1996/02/26 18:58:50 aas Exp $ | ||
# | ||
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package File::CounterFile; | ||
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=head1 NAME | ||
File::CounterFile - Persistent counter class | ||
=head1 SYNOPSIS | ||
use File::CounterFile; | ||
$c = new File::CounterFile "COUNTER", "aa00"; | ||
$id = $c->inc; | ||
open(F, ">F$id"); | ||
=head1 DESCRIPTION | ||
This module implements a persistent counter class. Each counter is | ||
represented by a separate file in the file system. File locking is | ||
applied, so multiple processes might try to access the same counters | ||
at the same time without risk of counter destruction. | ||
You give the file name as the first parameter to the object | ||
constructor (C<new>). The file is created if it does not exist. | ||
If the file name does not start with "/" or ".", then it is | ||
interpreted as a file relative to C<$File::CounterFile::DEFAULT_DIR>. | ||
The default value for this variable is initialized from the | ||
environment variable C<TMPDIR>, or F</usr/tmp> is no environment | ||
variable is defined. You may want to assign a different value to this | ||
variable before creating counters. | ||
If you pass a second parameter to the constructor, that sets the | ||
initial value for a new counter. This parameter only takes effect | ||
when the file is created (i.e. it does not exist before the call). | ||
When you call the C<inc()> method, you increment the counter value by | ||
one. When you call C<dec()> the counter value is decrementd. In both | ||
cases the new value is returned. The C<dec()> method only works for | ||
numerical counters (digits only). | ||
You can peek at the value of the counter (without incrementing it) by | ||
using the C<value()> method. | ||
The counter can be locked and unlocked with the C<lock()> and | ||
C<unlock()> methods. Incrementing and value retrieval is faster when | ||
the counter is locked, because we do not have to update the counter | ||
file all the time. You can query whether the counter is locked with | ||
the C<locked()> method. | ||
There is also an operator overloading interface to the | ||
File::CounterFile object. This means that you might use the C<++> | ||
operator for incrementing the counter, C<--> operator for decrementing | ||
and you can interpolate counters diretly into strings. | ||
=head1 BUGS | ||
It uses flock(2) to lock the counter file. This does not work on all | ||
systems. Perhaps we should use the File::Lock module? | ||
=head1 INSTALLATION | ||
Copy this file to the F<File> subdirectory of your Perl 5 library | ||
directory (often F</usr/local/lib/perl5>). | ||
=head1 COPYRIGHT | ||
Copyright (c) 1995-1996 Gisle Aas. All rights reserved. | ||
This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or | ||
modify it under the same terms as Perl itself. | ||
=head1 AUTHOR | ||
Gisle Aas <aas@sn.no> | ||
=cut | ||
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require 5.002; | ||
use Carp qw(croak); | ||
use Symbol qw(gensym); | ||
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sub Version { $VERSION; } | ||
$VERSION = sprintf("%d.%02d", q$Revision: 0.7 $ =~ /(\d+)\.(\d+)/); | ||
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$MAGIC = "#COUNTER-1.0\n"; # first line in counter files | ||
$DEFAULT_INITIAL = 0; # default initial counter value | ||
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# default location for counter files | ||
$DEFAULT_DIR = $ENV{TMPDIR} || "/usr/tmp"; | ||
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# Experimental overloading. | ||
%OVERLOAD = ('++' => \&inc, | ||
'--' => \&dec, | ||
'""' => \&value, | ||
fallback => 1, | ||
); | ||
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sub new | ||
{ | ||
my($class, $file, $initial) = @_; | ||
croak "No file specified\n" unless defined $file; | ||
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$file = "$DEFAULT_DIR/$file" unless $file =~ /^[\.\/]/; | ||
$initial = $DEFAULT_INITIAL unless defined $initial; | ||
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my $value; | ||
if (-e $file) { | ||
croak "Specified file is a directory" if -d _; | ||
open(F, $file) or croak "Can't open $file: $!"; | ||
my $first_line = <F>; | ||
$value = <F>; | ||
close(F); | ||
croak "Bad counter magic in $file" unless $first_line eq $MAGIC; | ||
chomp($value); | ||
} else { | ||
open(F, ">$file") or croak "Can't create $file: $!"; | ||
print F $MAGIC; | ||
print F $initial, "\n"; | ||
close(F); | ||
$value = $initial; | ||
} | ||
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bless { file => $file, # the filename for the counter | ||
value => $value, # the current value | ||
updated => 0, # flag indicating if value has changed | ||
# handle => XXX, # file handle symbol. Only present when locked | ||
}; | ||
} | ||
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sub locked | ||
{ | ||
exists shift->{handle}; | ||
} | ||
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sub lock | ||
{ | ||
my($self) = @_; | ||
$self->unlock if $self->locked; | ||
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my $fh = gensym(); | ||
my $file = $self->{file}; | ||
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open($fh, "+<$file") or croak "Can't open $file: $!"; | ||
flock($fh, 2) or croak "Can't flock: $!"; # 2 = exlusive lock | ||
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my $magic = <$fh>; | ||
if ($magic ne $MAGIC) { | ||
$self->unlock; | ||
croak("Bad counter magic '$magic' in $file"); | ||
} | ||
chomp($self->{value} = <$fh>); | ||
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$self->{handle} = $fh; | ||
$self->{updated} = 0; | ||
$self; | ||
} | ||
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sub unlock | ||
{ | ||
my($self) = @_; | ||
return unless $self->locked; | ||
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my $fh = $self->{handle}; | ||
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if ($self->{updated}) { | ||
# write back new value | ||
seek($fh, 0, 0) or croak "Can't seek to beginning: $!"; | ||
print $fh $MAGIC; | ||
print $fh "$self->{value}\n"; | ||
} | ||
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close($fh) or warn "Can't close: $!"; | ||
delete $self->{handle}; | ||
$self; | ||
} | ||
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sub inc | ||
{ | ||
my($self) = @_; | ||
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if ($self->locked) { | ||
$self->{value}++; | ||
$self->{updated} = 1; | ||
} else { | ||
$self->lock; | ||
$self->{value}++; | ||
$self->{updated} = 1; | ||
$self->unlock; | ||
} | ||
$self->{value}; # return value | ||
} | ||
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sub dec | ||
{ | ||
my($self) = @_; | ||
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if ($self->locked) { | ||
croak "Autodecrement is not magical in perl" | ||
unless $self->{value} =~ /^\d+$/; | ||
$self->{value}--; | ||
$self->{updated} = 1; | ||
} else { | ||
$self->lock; | ||
croak "Autodecrement is not magical in perl" | ||
unless $self->{value} =~ /^\d+$/; | ||
$self->{value}--; | ||
$self->{updated} = 1; | ||
$self->unlock; | ||
} | ||
$self->{value}; # return value | ||
} | ||
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sub value | ||
{ | ||
my($self) = @_; | ||
my $value; | ||
if ($self->locked) { | ||
$value = $self->{value}; | ||
} else { | ||
$self->lock; | ||
$value = $self->{value}; | ||
$self->unlock; | ||
} | ||
$value; | ||
} | ||
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sub DESTROY | ||
{ | ||
my $self = shift; | ||
$self->unlock; | ||
} | ||
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#################################################################### | ||
# | ||
# S E L F T E S T S E C T I O N | ||
# | ||
##################################################################### | ||
# | ||
# If we're not use'd or require'd execute self-test. | ||
# | ||
# Test is kept behind __END__ so it doesn't take uptime | ||
# and memory unless explicitly required. If you're working | ||
# on the code you might find it easier to comment out the | ||
# eval and __END__ so that error line numbers make more sense. | ||
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package main; | ||
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eval join('',<DATA>) || die $@ unless caller(); | ||
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1; | ||
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__END__ | ||
$cf = "./zz-counter-$$"; # the name for out temprary counter | ||
# Test normal object creation and increment | ||
$c = new File::CounterFile $cf; | ||
$id1 = $c->inc; | ||
$id2 = $c->inc; | ||
$c = new File::CounterFile $cf; | ||
$id3 = $c->inc; | ||
$id4 = $c->dec; | ||
die "test failed" unless ($id1 == 1 && $id2 == 2 && $id3 == 3 && $id4 == 2); | ||
unlink $cf; | ||
# Test magic increment | ||
$id1 = (new File::CounterFile $cf, "aa98")->inc; | ||
$id2 = (new File::CounterFile $cf)->inc; | ||
$id3 = (new File::CounterFile $cf)->inc; | ||
eval { | ||
# This should now work because "Decrement is not magical in perl" | ||
$c = new File::CounterFile $cf; $id4 = $c->dec; $c = undef; | ||
}; | ||
die "test failed (No exception to catch)" unless $@; | ||
#print "$id1 $id2 $id3\n"; | ||
die "test failed" unless ($id1 eq "aa99" && $id2 eq "ab00" && $id3 eq "ab01"); | ||
unlink $cf; | ||
# Test operator overloading | ||
$c = new File::CounterFile $cf, "100"; | ||
$c->lock; | ||
$c++; # counter is now 101 | ||
$c++; # counter is now 102 | ||
$c++; # counter is now 103 | ||
$c--; # counter is now 102 again | ||
$id1 = "$c"; | ||
$id2 = ++$c; | ||
$c = undef; # destroy object | ||
unlink $cf; | ||
die "test failed" unless $id1 == 102 && $id2 == 103; | ||
print "Selftest for File::CounterFile $File::CounterFile::VERSION ok\n"; |
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